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25 enero, 2024 a las 6:12 pm #28040isishardesty94Participante
<br> In this post I want to explain one of the most subtle and nefarious Bitcoin flaws of all time: transaction malleability. Even more fascinating to me is the history of different flaws in Bitcoin, and how they’ve been addressed. The attack is called “transaction malleability” because Bob was able to modify the transaction, even though the transaction was supposed to be immutable. Suppose Bob is a peer of Alice, and wants to initiate a transaction malleability attack against Alice. However, Bob can make some changes that don’t change the transaction semantics, but do change the computed txid. The inputs, outputs, and payment amount are all cryptographically signed, so Bob can’t steal money or make any semantic changes to the transaction. Given that a very large percentage of daily Bitcoin transactions are deposits to exchanges, we would then expect wallets and services that don’t provide bech32 sending support to quickly fall out of favor with users<br>>
<br>> If you assume it may be compromised, then the HW needs to be able to defend against those. If bitcoin becomes an acceptable currency for real-world vendors, government central banks may actually find their role upstaged by sophisticated computer algorithms. I understand some of these changes may be very difficult, especially given the low memory and computational power of secure elements. To secure each block of Bitcoin transactions, Bitcoin miners must use their computing power to solve a unique math problem provided by the Bitcoin software. Revault does not plan on building hardware wallets, we hope existing and upcoming manufacturers will implement a strong security that we could use for the Revault protocol users. Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer network, operating using a gossip protocol which is conceptually similar to BitTorrent. This hexadecimal string is calculated using a variant of SHA-256 on the DER-encoded transaction data. This data is bundled into a DER-encoded ASN.1 representation before being broadcast to the network. Instead, Binance became a key payment provider for Hydra, the giant darknet marketplace, according to the blockchain data compiled for Reuters, a review of Hydra user forums, and interviews with illegal drug users and researchers<br>>
<br>> Making use of margin trading, a user can leverage their position by purchasing stocks with a small quantity of collateral, such as cash or another asset. These txids are immaterial to how the Bitcoin blockchain works: their primary use is as a convenience for humans when referring to transactions. The original Bitcoin implementation was underspecified with respect to how txids were actually calculated (more on this in a moment). For this to work the txids need to be immutable, and that was the original intention in Bitcoin. At this point it’s a race to see which transaction will actually be accepted by the network: the original transaction created by Alice and relayed by her good peers, or the modified version created by Bob. Usually it takes less than a minute from the time a transaction is created until it fully propagates to the rest of the network. At this point Bob will broadcast the transaction with a new txid to the rest of the network. To send a payment, a node creates a transaction and then broadcasts it to just click the up coming website node’s peers on the network. Alice creates a Bitcoin payment transaction, and sends it to her peers. If she does retry the transaction, she’ll send another 1 BTC to the same address<br>>
<br>> Going further, most of these protocols require to follow a specific signing order (typically the “clawback” first, then the regular spend path) so adding a way to check that a “clawback” has been signed first, with the same input, would be very helpful. If a transaction malleability attack occurs, and the txid changes, then the transaction will eventually be added to the blockchain, but under an unexpected txid. With blockchain, banks also have the opportunity to exchange funds between institutions more quickly and securely. For example, many investor alerts have been issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) regarding Bitcoin investing. The Securities and Exchange Commission today charged Binance Holdings Ltd. You deposit 1 BTC into an account on an exchange. Alice’s wallet software will debit 1 BTC from her account once the modified transaction is confirmed, since the modified transaction still sent 1 BTC from her account. Feel free to reply with your comments or adding suggestions, I am not a hardware wallet expert and would take criticism wit hout being offended<br>> -
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